www.science.dmoz2007.org

The mathematics of the Chinese calendar. Explains the rules for the Chinese calendar.
Earliest sunset on November 5 and the latest on February 13. The difference between the earliest and latest sunrise in 30 minutes, but the difference between the longest and shortest day is only 8 minutes. I& ,m working on a paper called The Analemma from a Tropical Point of View. Back to top of page.Most capital cities have a geographical origin of coordinates, which is used when making maps for the country. All cities also have a zero point for road distances from the city center to other

Questions and answers to satisfy the hearts of true millennium buffs.
The page you searched for, was not found on the server. Have a look on the sitemap to see if you can find the searched page. If you found this page through a dead link, please report this to 404@timeanddate. IMPORTANT Please include the address of the page where you found the link..The page you searched for, was not found on the server. Have a look on the sitemap to see if you can find the searched page. If you found this page through a dead link, please report this to 404@timeanddate. IMPORTANT

Complete guide to times in every time zone in the world.
Like most states in Europe, Summer (Daylight-Saving) Time is observed in EET Eastern European Time, where the time is shifted forward by 1 hour, 3 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT+3). After the Summer months the time in EET Eastern European Time is shifted back by 1 hour to Eastern European Time (EET) or (GMT+2).

Explains the cosmological and astronomical influences in creating the Indian calendar.
,simulation` of situations is available to validate a hypothesis, these ancient astronomers had only the crudest of implements (the water clock, circle and quadrant were extant in those times). This context of their epistemology is what makes their achievement so remarkable..and 88 minutes. A year can be dated as a month of a 12_year cycle of Jupiter. This is extended to a unit of five cycles, or the 60_year cycle of Jupiter (Brihaspati chakra), and a & ,century` of 60 years results..These

A list of many American Indian tribe's names for months, days, and other calendar related information.
Information..This is the cover to my 3rd book.Treaties With American Indians I wrote an article and several appendix items for this book. Clips from a review on Amazon *Starred Review* In the 93 years from 1778 until 1871, there were more than 400 treaties negotiated by Indian agents and government officials. Editor Fixico and more than 150 contributors have crafted a three volume comprehensive tool that will soon become essential for anyone interested in the topic. A resource section with lists

The mathematics of the Islamic calendar in Singapore.
Authoritative source for information about calendars is the book Calendrical Calculations by Nachum Dershowitz and Edward M. Reingold of the Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. If you need a calendar conversion program, the place to go is their Calendar Applet..Together with Tey Meng Khoon and Frederick H. Willeboordse of CITA, I have developed several interactive Java applets that I hope will help you understand the motion of the Earth and the Sun.

Explanations of the Julian Calendar, the Gregorian Reform, the adoption of the Gregorian Calendar, the length of the tropical year and related matters.
The times shown are (i) GMT for the Gregorian Calendar and (ii) the mean solar time at the specified longitude for the Dee(-Cecil) Calendar. When apparent solar time is selected the times shown are (i) apparent solar time at Greenwich for the Gregorian Calendar and (ii) apparent solar time at the specified longitude for the Dee(-Cecil) Calendar. The Dee Calendar was proposed as a new calendar by the Elizabethan scholar John Dee about 1580, when mean solar time as we know it did not yet exist (it

An explanation of the Julian day number system used by astronomers and calendricists.
Advanced Version of this software. Price and ordering, etc..Easy Date Converter allows you to answer such questions easily, and to perform arithmetical operations with Gregorian (a.k.a. Common Era) and Julian dates, dates in the ISO 8601 Week Calendar and in the Hermetic Leap Week Calendar, Julian day numbers and ordinal (day-in-year) dates of the form.. It is a bilingual English German program. Suppose you run an advertisement which expires 45 days from today. What date will that be? How many

Civil time is occasionally adjusted by one second increments called leap seconds. A detailed explanation of what a second actually is, and why leap seconds are necessary.

LunarCal is a 160-year perpetual Chinese Lunar Calendar for 1900 to 2060. Chinese festivals are listed and the moon phase is displayed.

Lunar calendar with lunations, from new moon to new moon, instead of months. Moon phase on each day. Chinese, Jewish, and Islamic months. Eclipses, meteors, planets, star charts. Christian, Pagan, Isl

The calendar was the center of Maya life and their greatest cultural achievement. To carry out their astronomical calculations they developed a sophisticated mathematical system. The Maya Calendar web

Explains the difference between millenium and year 2000 as the absence of a year zero.

An online handy tool for converting to and from the Gregorian, Julian and Jewish calendars.
And which are common years. The 3rd, 6th, 8th, 11th, 14th, 17th and 19th years of this cycle are leap years..Valid Range 3761 B.C. to 9999 A.D. Although this software can handle dates all the way back to the year 1 (3761 B.C.), such use may not be meaningful. The Hebrew calendar has been in use for several thousand years, but in the early days there was no formula to determine the start of a month. A new month was started when the new moon was first observed. It is not clear when the current

Lots of time and date related information, such as yearly and monthly calendars, counters, countdown, and the world clock which shows the current time in cities all over the world.
Drink, and certain other activities during daylight hours in Ramadan. Gossiping and fighting are also prohibited in this period. Ramadan is considered as the holiest season in the Islamic year and commemorates the time when the Quran (Islamic holy book) is said to have been revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. This occurred on Laylat Al-Qadr, one of the last 10 nights of the month. Ramadan ends when the first crescent of the new moon is sighted again, marking the new lunar months start. Eid-al-Fitr

Information on date, time, and time zones from the New York Public Library.

An explanation of lunar, solar, lunisolar, rule-based and other types of calendars.
Conjunctions of the Moon and the Sun (at that epoch) divided by the number of real days which occurs in this time. Felix Verbelen (in a private communication) and Joe Kress (on the CALNDR-L mailing list) have stated how this may be calculated for 3000CE, as follows The length of the day (the TAI time of the rotation of the Earth) increases by about 2 milliseconds per century (according to Stephenson theory). If we assume lower and upper limits of 1.5 - 2.5 ms century then the day will be longer

PlexGlobe is a productivity toolkit for global users and businesses that includes: - World clock and calendar such as Chinese and so on.
Or using any of our software products. In addition, we welcome any suggestions to improve our products..Users who are not familiar with Java should download PlexGlobe with VM if it& ,s available on your platform, otherwise download Java from If you have already installed Java and downloading PlexGlobe without VM, make sure that it is 1.4 or later. Otherwise download Java from http java.sun j2se freely..All rights reserved..

Information on the origin of the week, and etymology of month and weekday names.
After the Vernal Equinox (first day of spring). The beginning of spring is a logical time to start a new year. After all, it is the season of rebirth, of planting new crops, and of blossoming. January 1, on the other hand, has no astronomical nor agricultural significance. It is purely arbitrary. The Babylonian new year celebration lasted for eleven days. Each day had its own particular mode of celebration, but it is safe to say that modern New Year Eve festivities pale in comparison. The Romans

Provides Moon rise, set, position and phase seen from different parts of the world.

For a given location and date calculates sunrise, sunset, civil twilight, sun height; in JavaScript and an Excel file.
Rise, set and twilight definitions by U.S. Naval Obs..

Offers Sun calculators written in Excel/VBA.
NOTICE Ecology will be closed Monday, March 28, 2011 due to mandated temporary lay-offs. More info..We re sorry your requested page could not be found. We recommend using the navigation on this page, A-Z Index, or Search to locate the information or service you re seeking. You also may Contact Us to provide comments, ask questions, or request assistance. Thank you for your patience!.NOTICE Ecology will be closed Monday, March 28, 2011 due to mandated temporary lay-offs. More info..We re sorry

Obtain a table of the times of sunrise/sunset, moonrise/moonset, or the beginning and end of twilight, for one year.
, and then on its own, to provide the US Navy with a convenient form of the astronomical data used for celestial navigation. This book is still the standard resource for marine celestial navigation for the U.S. Navy. The history of.is found here. The book contains the following data tabulated at hourly intervals to a precision of 0.1 arcminute the Greenwich hour angle and declination of the Sun, Moon, and navigational planets, the Greenwich hour angle of Aries, positions of the navigational

Offer on-line calculator for Sun and some other solar system bodies.

By latitude and longitude.
Summary of all the new stuff that I ve done with my website. One thing that is not in the newsletter is weather forecasts for your area. That not what this is about. Again, this newsletter goes out once a quarter (4 times per year), sometimes more. It includes news stories pertaining to weather, and interesting weather tid-bits. If you d like to be added to this newsletter mailing list, please fill out the form below. Your e-mail address and name will be kept in strictest confidence, meaning it

Calculate sunrise and sunset times for your particular location.
Abbreviated life story, and in my photography links page..Last summer, I went to Israel, camera in one hand, and diary in the other. I came back with hundreds of photos, which I am slowly but surely putting in some sort of order online here..

Calculate the rise and set time of the sun for anywhere in Australia.
We are working on a new and improved website at www.ga.gov.au, consequently we may have moved the page you are looking for. We apologise for the inconvenience. Please email us at feedback@ga.gov.au and include the web link you were trying to access, so we can rectify this problem as soon as possible..We are working on a new and improved website at www.ga.gov.au, consequently we may have moved the page you are looking for. We apologise for the inconvenience. Please email us at feedback@ga.gov.au

Provides time of sunrise and sunset for places around the world.

Online utility for calculating the apparent sunrise and sunset.
Field, please clear the minutes and seconds fields, or they will be added in.) If you select a city from the pulldown menu, the latitude, longitude and time zone fields will be filled in by the program. If you want to input latitude, longitude or time zone manually, be sure to select Enter Lat Long -- from the City pulldown box, or your numbers will be overwritten by the selected city& ,s location..You can enter a different time zone for a location by selecting Enter Lat Long -- in the City

Online calculator of sun rise/set times for any location. Interactive world map is available.
This site was tested on the following platform Microsoft Windows 98, 2nd Edition. Screen resolutions 1024x768 and 800x600 pixels. Microsoft Internet Explorer, Italian Version 5.5 Netscape Communicator, English Version 4.7 This page was written with Macromedia Dreamweaver, Version 3.0.

Windows freeware interactive viewer showing day and night move across the world's timezones.

Authoritative source for tables of sunrise/sunset, moonrise/moonset and twilight by year.
Admiralty Way Taunton, Somerset, TA1 2DN UNITED KINGDOM..NOVAS is an integrated package of subroutines and functions for computing various commonly needed quantities in positional astronomy. The package can supply, in one or two subroutine or function calls, the instantaneous coordinates of any star or planet in a variety of coordinate systems. At a lower level, NOVAS also supplies astrometric utility transformations, such as those for precession, nutation, aberration, parallax, and the

A service featuring an interactive world atlas, information on local time and time zones as well as sunrise and sunset times in several hundred cities, and a database of public holidays worldwide.
Will see the daylight, twilight and night zones. To be precise, the twilight zone shown in the maps is the so-called nautical twilight zone, i.e. the zone in which the sun is not more than 12 degrees below the horizon. At present, you cannot see cities. The reason for this is that if all cities are displayed the maps look crowded, and if some are left out, it may be just the ones you are most interested in. Time information For a selection of presently about 550 cities and towns, the current

A description at the layman level about the applications of spectroscopy in the investigation of the Solar System, with interactive diagrams

Accretion disk theory, mixing-length theory of convection, advection-dominated accretion flows.

An online astrophysics catalog developed using object-oriented database technology to help researchers locate multi-mission data in the NASA archives.

you can find every thing you want on this topic in this site...

Devoted to recent developments, discoveries, and theories in astronomy and astrophysics.
Scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. 2000-2011 ITHAKA. All Rights Reserved. JSTOR, the JSTOR logo, and ITHAKA are registered trademarks of ITHAKA..was not found. Please see the Help page or contact JSTOR Support if you need help accessing or using JSTOR. If you are with a library, organization, or publisher and would like to find out more about participating in JSTOR, see our Participate section or contact participation@jstor..JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a

E-Print archive since April of 1992.

Introductory essays on astrophysics and astronomy.

Articles published on this site cover current research in astronomy and astrophysics, describe our current understanding of astronomical phenomena, and comment on issues related to astronomical resear
Forms around a supersonic jet. This electromagnetic cone is visible light, and it is called Cherenkov radiation, it is measured with an array of photomultiplier tubes in the neutrino detector. By measuring this radiation, physicists can derive the velocity of the electron. With this velocity and with a direction to the supernova that is established through optical observations, the energy of the neutrino can be derived. The third detector, Baksan, is very much like a traditional gamma-ray

Beginner's guide to all the basic concepts of Astrophysics written by active scientists at Cambridge University, UK.
For, please try the following.DAMTP, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA. Page last saved 7th May 2009 by Webmaster.

Nationally supported research centre. Find out about current research, upcoming seminars and job opportunities.

Hypothesis which attempts to explain the characteristics of QSOs (Quasi-Steller Objects), a.k.a. quasars, as optical illusions created by gravitational lensing and other phenomena.

Accretion in astrophysics - active galactic nuclei, processes and dynamics.

A list of frequently asked questions with answers.
Anders Library Page References, electronic texts and other useful things. Anders Mad Scientist Page A page with links to resources for mad scientists. Anders Raytracing Page Some of my raytraced pictures. Anders Anders Page A page about (you guessed it) myself . Anders Index Page. Index over the pages I have. Legend for icons on my pages..This is the main page of Anders Sandberg& ,s little corner of the Net. Andart My blog essays on various matters. Anders Transhuman Page Ideas for us who are

Physics knows four forces; 20th-century scientists were convinced that one of those, the electric force, played no macroscopic role in the Universe; site explains why that is incorrect.
And holds matter together in the core (e.g. via fusion), the other force.and holds matter together e.g. it forms stars from huge clouds. It holds together stars, solar systems, binary stars, galaxies, clusters. The other force - the electric force -.matter of celestial bodies and repulses winds, loops, flares and light years-long jets. The electrically ejected matter is formed to filaments via pinch effect..The attractive and repulsive forces in microcosm and macrocosm show the elegant

Comprehensive archive of explantory articles on all key Astrophysics topics, categorised and fully searchable; actively updated by the Institute of Physics.
Prize Winners in AstronomyPatick Moore Giacconi, RiccardoPaul Murdin European Southern ObservatoryCatherine Cesarsky Observatory De Haute ProvenceRobert Burnage The W.M. Keck ObservatoryFred Chaffee Sudbury Neutrino ObservatoryA B McDonald Super-KamiokandeYoji Totsuka Polar CapsJohn Woodruff INTEGRAL (International Gamma-Ray Physics Laboratory)Peter Bond GemingaLawrence Clarke.Classifications and abstracts supplied by Inspec . Terms and conditions.

Profiles several prominent astrophysicists.

Partially funded by a NASA Astrophysics Theory grant, find information about the group's past and future meetings.

Research session at the Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics (IPAM), Los Angeles, CA, USA; 7 March - 10 June 2005.

Text of the 1999 Oppenheimer lecture at UC Berkeley given by professor Freeman Dyson on the origin of life and other subjects.
Themselves into the hollow structures that look like the cell membranes found in all living things.., Thursday 8 June 2000. Geologists have found apparent fossil evidence of microbial life in scalding hot deep-ocean vent systems on the very young Earth, 2.7 billion years earlier than previously known. The cradle of life may have been a sulfurous, subterranean inferno, not unlike a medieval vision of hell.., 17 September 2003. Researchers studying brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) have found

Offers educational products that help students understand basic astronomy concepts.
Standard deviation, the more accurate most of the data points are. Many of you have probably heard of the term sigma used in this context, and sigma is just another term for the standard deviation. However, sigma is usually used in terms of how good a particular result is, like these are one-sigma error bars or this is a ten-sigma result!! Ive created a visual to show what the standard deviation and sigma mean in terms of data quality and consistency. Here, Ive generated a 5000-point, synthetic

Site devoted to hyperspatial theories.

A peer-refereed, solely online journal publishing invited reviews covering all areas of solar and heliospheric physics research. Published by the Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy, Katlenburg-Lindau,
Research of activity of cataclysmic variables, supersoft X-ray sources and other binary high energy sources including the prototypic source HZ Her Her X-1, with the impact for the development and specification of their physical models, deeper understanding of the physical processes controlling the activity of these objects and their physical evolution. These analyses often made use of suitably applied archival optical and X-ray data for investigation of the physical behaviour of selected sources

Overview of a controversial theory which is not generally accepted by the astrophysical community.

Search system for abstracts in astrophysics, planetary sciences and solar physics.
Have O-links, please let us know about them by filling in the codes in this form..Author Comments We now provide a link in the abstracts to author comment, when one has been submitted to us. This is a useful way to incorporate errata or make additional information available. The author comment should be submitted through this interface. These comments can be plain text or fully formatted html documents. They can include comments about the abstract, clarifications or more extended descriptions,

Generates astrophysical reaction rates online using an extended database.
Network Generator is running again, after a long break, due to unexpected problems while enhancing our web server safety level. We apologize for any inconvenience. -- Please report any possibly remaining malfunction to ajorisse at astro.ulb.ac.be 2011 05 01.Y. Xu, S. Goriely, A. Jorissen, K. Takahashi, M. Arnould,.

An area for providing nuclear data for astrophysics calculations, such as nucleosynthesis, stellar evolution, the Big Bang, and super-nova dynamics.
Interactive access to nuclear properties of interest for astrophysics for almost 9000 nuclei. Get your experimental masses and calculated masses, deformations, decay Q-values, half-lives, spins, and separation energies here!.The calculated masses and deformations are from ``Nuclear Ground-State Masses and Deformations, by P. Mller, J. R. Nix, W. D. Myers, and W. J. Swiatecki, which is published in Atomic Data Nucl. Data Tables 59 (1995), 185-381. The other calculated nuclear properties are from

A well know problem from astrophysics, Olber's paradox (Why is the night sky dark?), solved. As well as Newton's related Gravity paradox.
Niet helemaal. Uw computer mag dan tot de tandwielen gewapend zijn, ook firewall en modem behoeven wat virtuele bescherming. En hoe beveiligt u een draadloze verbinding?.Het internet is de virtuele afspiegeling van onze leefwereld, compleet met alle onaangename facetten die daarbij horen. Wie over het web surft, belandt soms op websites waar hij liever niet vertoeft. Vooral kinderen kunnen dat schokkend vinden.Het PC Veiligheidpakket van Online blokkeert en verwijdert niet alleen spyware, maar

Course offered via The Electronic University, an educational outreach server at the University of Oregon.

Teaching notes on celestial mechanics, classical mechanics, and stellar atmospheres.

Author explains how Hubble's red shift of starlight spectra results from photon decay, proportional to traveled distance.

The SIMBAD astronomical database provides basic data, cross-identifications and bibliography for astronomical objects outside the solar system. SIMBAD can be queried by object name, coordinates, othe
SIMBAD can be queried by object name, coordinates and various criteria. Lists of objects and scripts can be submitted..Every bibcode is a link to the underlying bibliographic information, either at CDS, at ADS, or at the journal site when available. Links to the full text of paper are available in most cases. For articles containing tables stored at CDS, the reference provides also a link to the table or catalogue..SIMBAD on the Web has all the functionalities provided by XSimbad, after the

A research institute of the Smithsonian Institution headquartered in Cambridge, MA, where it is joined with the Harvard College Observatory (HCO) to form the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysic
The link you followed may have moved or be inaccurate, or access to the file is restricted. Check the url or use the navigation elements above and on the left to locate the resources you need. You may also use the Search CfA feature at the top of this page. If the missing page is part of the IAU Minor Planet Center (MPC) or Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams (CBAT) web pages, see the MPC status page for more informaion. If you still encounter difficulty, please email us..The link you

Presents ideas about the rotation of the sun and planets.
The requested URL was not found on this server. If you entered the URL manually please check your spelling and try again. If you think this is a server error, please contact the webmaster..

A free online textbook on space physics.

An interactive Astrophysics textbook from Louisiana State University.

Information mostly on the fourth dimension and theoretical physics.
Welcome to the Temporal Annex. Explore beyond the limits of reality using the tunnels of astrophysics, mathematics and theoretical physics..If this is your first time here, I recommend visiting Regular Topology foremost. This site is not solely intended for those with prior comprehension of its contents, it is designed for the general audience..

THIS - instrument pages for the Tuneable Heterodyne Infrared Spectrometer developed by the University of Cologne. THIS is a transportable receiver designed for atmospheric and astrophysical observati

Overview of the Titius-Bode Law.

An explanation of the Titius-Bode Law of planetary spacing.

University of Surrey abridged version of the book "Astrophysics" , with many links to relevant material on astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology.
Includes. information, pictures and links on famous astronomers and astrophysicists such as Kepler, Copernicus, Galileo, Einstein, Newton, Hipparchus, Hubble and more..includes. images of space, planets etc. as well as information on space stations, nasa etc..If you are searching for a particular topic, use our search engine to search the site for it. Includes links to other major search engines..

Interactive site for learning about astronomy and astrophysics.
Looking for, please try the Imagine the Universe site map, or begin at the Imagine the Universe home page. If you feel that you have received this message in error, please contact Meredith Gibb..

An application used to align satellite dishes to geostationary satellites.

Products, user community, support, services, training, and events.
Patent and has presented more than 20 technical papers. Sergei received his B.S. with honors in aerospace control systems from The Institute of Aerospace Technology in Ukraine in 1993. He earned his M.S. and Ph.D. in dynamics and control from the University of Cincinnati..James Tucholski is the director of STK software development at AGI. In this role, he is responsible for the software development of and updates and custom enhancements to the STK product.line. Jimmy received the following

3D satellite tracking and visualization utility written in C++ using OpenGL, calculates current position, and displays position around the earth.

Program that can track a large number of satellites, display the satellite data in lists and/or show the satellites on maps.
SourceForge-hosted project (not to SourceForge). If this is a severe or recurring persistent problem, please do one of the following, and provide the error text (numbered 1 through 7, above).If you are a maintainer of this web content, please refer to the Site Documentation regarding web services for further assistance. NOTE As of 2008-10-23 directory index display has been disabled by default. This option may be re-enabled by the project by placing a file with the name .htaccess with this line

Orbital data for any satellite tracking program, updated regularly by CelesTrak.

For radio amateur and observing purposes, and used by weather professionals, satellite communication users, astronomers, UFO hobbyists and astrologers.

Software for PalmPilot with documentation, FAQ, data, trial download, and links.
Your browser sent a request that this server could not understand. Additionally, a 404 Not Found error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request..Your browser sent a request that this server could not understand. Additionally, a 404 Not Found error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request..

Orbit, visual program for Windows and TLE links.
More coming soon . (Sebastian Stabroth, August 2006).Beijing - the Great Wall More coming soon . (Sebastian Stabroth, July 2006).Tokyo - Fukuoka More coming soon . (Sebastian Stabroth, October 2005).California More coming soon . (Sebastian Stabroth, August 2005).Orlando - Kennedy Space Center - Miami - Key West More coming soon . (Sebastian Stabroth, March April 2005).

Various software downloads, orbital data downloads, images, and links.

Program useful to assist satellite professionals, operators and domestic users that need to install an antenna and align it with the satellites in orbit.

Background, equipment, dark sites, and gallery.
Kolb, and may not be used for commercial purposes without written permission..Kolb, and may not be used for commercial purposes without written permission..

Archive of astronomical images made by various amateur astronomers.
And managing your gallery is easy..

Galleries of astronomical images and basic instruction manual for acquiring and processing CCD images.
Good visit..This section could contain an article snip-it on a new product, service, press release, or local news event. Read more. Fyi..At GHG Corporation, our success is attributed to our employees. We are proud of our diversity, technical achievements, capabilities and commitment to providing solutions for our customers. It is GHG loyal and hard-working employees that contribute through their experience, background, and skills in making GHG the organization it is today. Apply now..

Gallery of images using Cookbook cb245 camera.

News, lunar and planetary galleries, equipment, and links.

Includes gallery, equipment details, and articles.

Includes deep sky image galleries.

Gallery of astronomical images and articles designed to assist astronomers.

Deep sky, comet, and moon images, equipment needed, and buying a telescope.

Planetary and moon images and equipment details.

Gallery and recommended books.

Selected images and equipment details for the telescope, camera, and software.

Galleries and equipment details.

Galaxies, nebulae, star clusters, and solar system images including equipment information.

Galleries of astronomical images with articles to assist the astronomer.

Astronomical image gallery, equipment and articles.

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